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FEATURES
High efficiency: 85.3% @ 1.2V/13A, 3.3V/8A Low profile: 0.33" Industry standard footprint and pinout Flexible current allocation on each output Low voltage output (O/P 1) starts up first Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, Output OCP, OVP, OTP No minimum load required Basic insulation ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000, OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) Recognized, and TUV (EN60950) Certified CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives.
Delphi Series Q48DW, 45W Quarter Brick, Dual Output DC/DC Power Modules: 1.2V/13A and 3.3V/8A
The Delphi Series Q48DW Quarter Brick, 48V input, dual output, isolated DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power system and technology and manufacturing -- Delta Electronics, Inc. This product family provides dual positive regulated outputs with a flexible combination of output current and power up to 45W in a very cost effective industry standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. All models are fully protected from abnormal input/output voltage, current, and temperature conditions. The Delphi Series Q48DW converters meet all safety requirements with basic insulation.
OPTIONS
Positive On/Off logic Short pin lengths Heatsink available for extended operation
APPLICATIONS
Telecom/DataCom Wireless Networks Optical Network Equipment Server and Data Storage Industrial/Test Equipment
DATASHEET DS_ Q48DW3R312_07202006
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (T =25C, airflow rate=200 LFM, V
A
in
=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Input/Output Isolation Voltage INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Current(I2t) Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Voltage Ripple Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Cross Regulation Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Current Transient Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Cross dynamic Settling Time (within 1% Vout nominal) Turn-On Transient Delay Time, From On/Off Control Delay Time, From Input Start-up Time, From On/Off Control Start-up Time, From Input Maximum Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY 100% Load 60% Load ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Input to Output Input to Case Output to Case Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (Logic Low-Module ON) Logic Low Logic High ON/OFF Current Leakage Current Output Voltage Trim Range Output Boltage Remoote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight Over-Temperature Shutdown
NOTES and CONDITIONS
Q48DW3R312NRFA
Min. Typ. Max. 80 100 118 125 48 34 32 2 40 5 0.015 5 66 75 35 33 3 1.8 60 10 10 1.260 3.360 15 10 15 50 85 50 50 30 30 13 8 Units Vdc Vdc C C Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc A mA mA A2s mA dB Vdc
<100ms Refer to Figure 27 for measuring point <1 minute
-40 -55 1500 36 33 31 1
P-P thru 12H inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz 120Hz Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Tc=25 Io1=Io, min to Io, max, Io2=0A Io2=Io, min to Io, max, Io1=0A Vin=36V to 75V,Io1=Io2=full load Worse Case Tc=-40 to 110 Over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Io1, Io2 Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum Io1, Io2 Full Load, 1F ceramic, 10F tantalum Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Vout 2 1.200 3.300
1.240 3.330 5 3 5 15 30 30 30 15 15
mV mV mV mV mV mV mV A A
0 0 14.5 9.5 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 5 10 10
48V, 10F Tan & 1F Ceramic load cap, 0.1A/s Vout 1 Vout 2 Vout 1 Iout2 and Iout1 from 75% Io, max to 50% Io, max Vout 2
Iout1and Iout2 from 50% Io, max to 75% Io, max
mV mV mV us ms ms ms ms 10000 5000 F % % Vdc M pF kHz 0.8 18 1 1 +10 V V mA mA % % M hours grams C
Full load; 5% overshoot of Vout at startup Iout1, Iout2 full load, 48vdc Vin Iout1, Iout2 60% of full load, 48vdc Vin <1 minute
Vout 1 Vout 2 85.3 86.5 1500 10 2000 300
Von/off at Ion/off=1.0mA Von/off at Ion/off=0.0 A Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V Logic High, Von/off=15V Just trim Vout1, Pout max rated power No Remote Sense Function Over full temp range; %of nominal Vout Io=80% of Io, max; Ta=25C Refer to Figure 27 for measuring point
0
-10 120 135 2.69 25 120
150
DS_Q48DW3R312_07202006
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
90 87
88
85
84
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
81
48Vin
36Vin
82
48Vin
36Vin
78 75 72 69
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
79
75Vin
75Vin
76
73
1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current Iout2 for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C, for Iout1=6A.
88 84 80
EFFICIENCY (%)
Figure 2: Efficiency vs. load current Iout1 for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C, for Iout2=4A
8.00 7.50 7.00
POWER DISSIPATION (W
36Vin 48Vin 75Vin
6.50 6.00 5.50 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00
76
48Vin
36Vin
72 68 64 60 56
10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
75Vin
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90% 100%
OUTPUT CURRENT(A)
Figure 3: Efficiency vs. load current Iout1 and Iout2 for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C, for Iout1=Iout2
Figure 4: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25C. for Iout1=Iout2
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 5: Turn-on transient at zero load current (5ms/div). Vin=48V. Negative logic turn on. Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 5V/div
Figure 6: Turn-on transient at full rated load current (resistive load) (5 ms/div). Vin=48V. Negative logic turn on. Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 5V/div
Figure 7: Turn-on transient at zero load current (5ms/div). Vin=48V. Positive logic turns on. Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 5V/div
Figure 8: Turn-on transient at full load current (5ms/div). Vin=48V. Positive logic turns on. Top Trace: Vout; 1V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 5V/div
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
1.8 1.5 1.2
INPUT CURRENT(A)
0.9 0.6 0.3 0 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
INPUT VOLTAGE(V)
Figure 9: Typical full load input characteristics at room temperature
Figure 10: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout2 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/s) at Iout1=0A. Load cap: 10F, tantalum capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout2 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout2 (5A/div), Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout1 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/s) at Iout2=0. Load cap: 10F, tantalum capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout1 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout1 (5A/div),Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout2 and Iout1 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/s). Load cap: 10F, tantalum capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout1 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout1 (10A/div), Ch3=Vout2 (100mV/div), Ch4=Iout2 (10A/div) Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 13: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout2 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 2.5A/s) at Iout1=0. Load cap: 470F, 35m ESR solid electrolytic capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout2 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout2 (5A/div), Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 14: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout1 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 2.5A/s) at Iout2=0A, Load cap: 470F, 35m ESR solid electrolytic capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout1 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout1 (5A/div), Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 15: Output voltage response to step-change in load current Iout2 and Iout1 (75%-50%-75% of Io, max; di/dt = 2.5A/s). Load cap: 470F, 35m ESR solid electrolytic capacitor and 1F ceramic capacitor. Ch1=Vout1 (50mV/div), Ch2=Iout1 (10A/div), Ch3=Vout2 (100mV/div), Ch4=Iout2 (10A/div) Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
Figure 16: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple Current. Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 H. Capacitor Cs offset possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
Figure 17: Input Terminal Ripple Current-ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 12H source impedance and 33F electrolytic capacitor (500 mA/div, 2us/div).
Figure 18: Input reflected ripple current-is, through a 12H source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div, 2us/div).
Copper Strip
Vo(+)
10u Vo(-)
1u
SCOPE
RESISTIV LOAD
Figure 19: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test setup
Figure 20: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (Iout1=Iout2=Full). Top trace: Vout2 (20mV/div), Bottom trace:Vout1(20mV/div) Load capacitance: 1F ceramic capacitor and 10F tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES
1.5
3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5
1.2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.9
0.6
0.3
0.0 0 2
Vin=48V
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
LOAD CURRENT (A)
0.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
LOAD CURRENT (A)
Figure 21: Output voltage vs. load current Iout1 showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
Figure 22: Output voltage vs. load current Iout2 showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Input Source Impedance
The impedance of the input source connecting to the DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source is recommended. If the source inductance is more than a few H, we advise adding a 10 to 100 F electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 at 100 kHz) mounted close to the input of the module to improve the stability. Do not ground one of the input pins without grounding one of the output pins. This connection may allow a non-SELV voltage to appear between the output pin and ground. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. This power module is not internally fused. To achieve optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a normal-blow fuse with 7A maximum rating to be installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy and maximum input current.
Layout and EMC Considerations
Delta's DC/DC power modules are designed to operate in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB layout issues, please contact Delta's technical support team. An external input filter module is available for easier EMC compliance design.
Soldering and Cleaning Considerations Safety Considerations
The power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-user's safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950, CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-00 and EN60950:2000 and IEC60950-1999, if the system in which the power module is to be used must meet safety agency requirements. When the input source is 60 Vdc or below, the power module meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If the input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the module's output to meet SELV requirements, all of the following must be met: The input source must be insulated from any hazardous voltages, including the ac mains, with reinforced insulation. One Vi pin and one Vo pin are grounded, or all the input and output pins are kept floating. The input terminals of the module are not operator accessible. If the metal baseplate is grounded the output must be also grounded. A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system where the module is used to ensure that under a single fault, hazardous voltage does not appear at the module's output. Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly process before the board or system undergoes electrical testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the reliability of a power module and severely affect the finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures, please contact Delta's technical support team.
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FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS
Over-Current Protection
The modules include an internal output over-current protection circuit, which will endure current limiting for an unlimited duration during output overload. If the output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules will automatically shut down (hiccup mode). The modules will try to restart after shutdown. If the overload condition still exists, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the overload condition is corrected.
Over-Voltage Protection
The modules include an internal output over-voltage protection circuit, which monitors the voltage on the output terminals. If this voltage exceeds the over-voltage set point, the module will shut down and latch off. The over-voltage latch of this module will be reset by either cycling the input power or by toggling the on/off signal for one second.
Figure 23: Remote on/off implementation
Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM)
To increase or decrease the output voltage (Vout1) set point, the modules may be connected with an external resistor between the TRIM pin and either Vout1(+) or RTN. The Vout2 cannot be trimmed. The TRIM pin should be left open if this feature is not used.
Over-Temperature Protection
The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. If the temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down. The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the over-temperature condition still exists during restart, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the temperature is within specification.
Remote On/Off
The remote on/off feature on the module can be either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a logic low. Remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open drain. For negative logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-). For positive logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please leave the on/off pin floating.
Figure 24: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output voltage)
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and Vout1(+) pin, the output voltage (Vout1) set point increases (Fig. 24).
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FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.)
To trim up, connect trim resistor (Rtrim-up) from trim pin to Vout1(+) (1.2v). The trim equation is
Rtrim-up = [Vo / (0.538Vo - 0.648)] - 6.81
Unit: K
Example: If the 1.2V output is trimmed up to +1.3V, connect the Rtrim-up from trim pin to Vout1(+). The value of the Rtrim-up is:
Rtrim-up = [1.3/ (0.538*1.3-0.648)]-6.81= 25.29-6.81= 18.5K
To trim down, connect trim resistor (Rtrim-down) from trim pin to RTN (power ground). The trim equation is
Figure 25: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease output voltage)
Rtrim-down = [Vo / (0.362-0.296Vo)]-6.81
Unit: K
If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and RTN, the output voltage (Vout1) set point decreases (Fig.25). Refer to the table below for the external resistor values.
Example: If the 1.2V is trimmed down to 1.1V, connect the Rtrim-down from trim pin to RTN (Power ground). The value of Rtrim-down is:
Rtrim-down = [1.1/(0.362-0.296*1.1)]-6.81=30.22-6.81= 23.4K
Trim Resistor (Vout Increase) Vout1 1.2 1.32
Trim Resistor (Vout Decrease) Vout1 1.2 1.08
Rtrim-up [K]
Open 14.4
Rtrim-down [K]
Open 18.7
When using the trim function and the output voltage of the module is increased, this will increase the power output of the module with the same output current. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power.
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THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS
Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel.
THERMAL CURVES
Thermal Testing Setup
Delta's DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and the top of the power module is constantly kept at 6.35mm (0.25'').
Figure 27: Hot spot location
Output Load(%)
Q48DW3R312(Standard) Output Load vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation)
110% 100% 90% 80% 70% 60%
Natural Convection
100LFM 200LFM 300LFM 400LFM
Thermal Derating
Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. The module's hottest spot is less than 118C. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected.
FACING PWB PWB MODULE
50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 45 50 55 60 65
70
75
80 85 Ambient Temperature ()
Figure 28: Output load vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @ Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation)
AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE
AIR FLOW
50.8 (2.0")
12.7 (0.5") Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inche
Figure 26: Wind tunnel test setup
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MECHANICAL DRAWING
Pin No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Name
+Vin ON/OFF -Vin +Vout1 Output RTN TRIM +Vout2
Function
Positive input voltage Remote ON/OFF Negative input voltage Positive output voltage1 Power Ground (Vout1 and Vout2) Output voltage trim Positive output voltage2
Notes:
1 2 Pins 1-7 are 1.50mm (0.060") diameter All pins are copper with Tin Plating (Lead Free).
DS_Q48DW3R312_07202006
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PART NUMBERING SYSTEM
Q
Product Type
Q - Quarter Brick
48
Input Voltage
48V
D
Number of Outputs
D - Dual output
W
Product Series
W - Product Feature
3R3
Output Voltage 2
3R3 - 3.3V
12
Output Voltage 1
10 - 1.0V 12 - 1.2V 15 - 1.5V 18 - 1.8V 25 - 2.5V
N
ON/OFF Logic
N - Negative P - Positive
R
Pin Length
R - 0.150" N - 0.145" K - 0.110"
F
A
Option Code
F- RoHS 6/6 A - Standard functions (Lead Free)
MODEL LIST
MODEL NAME
Q48DW3R310NRFA Q48DW3R312NRFA Q48DW3R315NRFA Q48DW3R318NRFA Q48DW3R325NRFA 36V~75V 36V~75V 36V~75V 36V~75V 36V~75V
INPUT
1.6A 1.7A 1.8A 1.8A 2.0A
OUTPUT *
1.0V/13A 1.2V/13A 1.5V/12A 1.8V/10A 2.5V/8A 3.3V/8A 3.3V/8A 3.3V/8A 3.3V/8A 3.3V/8A
EFF @ Full Load
85.5% 85.3% 85.3% 86.5% 87.0%
* Note: Total output power should not exceed 50 watts and maximum output current for high output is 10A, for low output is 14A.
CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc
USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: DCDC@delta-corp.com Europe: Phone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: DCDC@delta-es.com Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: DCDC@delta.com.tw
WARRANTY
Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice.
DS_Q48DW3R312_07202006
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